Cytosolic nucleic acid-sensing pathways
WebNov 2, 2024 · Cytosolic DNA can be recognized by cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS), which in turn activates stimulator of IFN genes (STING). Signal transduction from these sensors converges to activate... WebCell-intrinsic type I IFN activation involves sensing of cytosolic dsDNA or dsRNA by cGAS or RIG-I and MDA5, respectively. cGAS signals via STING, while RIG-I and MDA5 signal via MAVS. Both ...
Cytosolic nucleic acid-sensing pathways
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WebSep 9, 2024 · Cytosolic nucleic acid detection pathways have been vastly explored in vitro (in immune and nonimmune cell types) and in vivo, mostly focusing on murine models. However, recent work underscores the existence of cell-type-dependent and species-specific detection mechanisms, urging for re-evaluation of nucleic acid sensing in … WebOct 6, 2024 · These genomic and transcriptional pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) trigger the activation of germline-encoded anti-viral pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that can distinguish viral nucleic acids from host forms by their localization and subtle differences in their chemistry.
WebAug 10, 2024 · Human cells have developed a series of cNA-sensing pathways, each composed of one or several pattern recognition receptors capable of sensing specific … WebOct 24, 2024 · Pattern recognition receptors such as nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-containing protein receptors (NLRs) and the pyrin and hematopoitic interferon-inducible nuclear protein (HIN) domain (PYHIN) receptors initiate the inflammatory response following cell stress or pathogenic challenge. When activated, some of these …
WebSep 20, 2024 · cGAS is a kind of cytosolic DNA sensor which initiates innate immune (Fig. 1 ). Notably, cGAS and its downstream regulators form a major DNA-sensing mechanism, sensing foreign and self-DNA in the cytoplasm and sometimes in the micronucleus and nuclei as well [ 8 ]. WebNov 26, 2024 · Type I interferonopathies are caused by disturbances in intracellular nucleic acid metabolism or in cytosolic nucleic acid sensing pathways that induce an overproduction of type I IFNs, triggering autoimmunity . Cytosolic nucleic acid sensors such as cyclic GMP–AMP synthase and MDA5 recognize broken intracellular self-DNA …
WebAs most microbial pathogens contain DNA and/or RNA during their life cycle, nucleic acid sensing has evolved as an essential strategy for host innate immune defense. Pathogen-derived nucleic acids with distinct features are recognized by specific host PRRs localized in endolysosomes and the cytosol.
WebMar 5, 2024 · INTRODUCTION. Cytosolic sensing of nucleic acids through pattern recognition receptors is vital for activating innate immune responses under various physiological and pathological conditions, such as viral infections, inflammation, and cancer (1–3).Pathogen-derived RNA in the cytosol is sensed by the retinoic acid–inducible gene … philip and pennyWebThe cGAS – STING pathway acts to detect cytosolic DNA and induce an immune response. Upon binding DNA, the protein cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase ( cGAS) triggers reaction of GTP and ATP to form cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP). cGAMP binds to Stimulator of Interferon Genes ( STING) which triggers phosphorylation of IRF3 via TBK1. philip and queen elizabeth childrenWebSep 9, 2024 · Intracellular innate immunity and mechanism of action of cytosolic nucleic acid receptor-mediated type I IFN against viruses. ... a lethal RIG-I-dependent interferon response. 44 All these cases suggest that activation as well as inactivation of the cytosolic nucleic acid sensing pathway are important in providing a proper response … philip and nathaniel in the bibleWebDetection of endogenous nucleic acids by cytosolic receptors, dependent on STING, and endosomal sensors, dependent on Unc93b1, can provoke inflammatory responses that contribute to a variety of ... philip and penny brabourneWebMicrobial nucleic acids are major signatures of invading pathogens, and their recognition by various host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) represents the first step toward an efficient innate immune response to clear the pathogens. The nucleic acid–sensing PRRs are localized at the plasma membrane, the cytosol, and/or various cellular organelles. … philip and nathaniel sermonWebIn mammalian cells, two paradigmatic cytosolic NA-sensing pathways are the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)–stimulator of interferon … philipandmorgan.comWebMay 28, 2024 · Abstract 3000 Background: Targeting cytosolic nucleic acid sensing pathways and the Type I interferon (IFN) response is an emerging therapeutic strategy in oncology. PARP7 is a member of the monoPARP class of enzymes and a newly identified negative regulator of nucleic acid sensing in tumor cells. philip and queen elizabeth related